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November 19 Written BySea Going Green

Understanding sustainable tourism and its development 

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As concerns grow over the environmental impact of tourism, the importance of sustainable tourism has become more significant than ever. This article aims to clarify the concept and explain its relevance within the context of the Middle East and North Africa region, with a particular focus on the United Arab Emirates, including Sharjah.

The emergence of sustainable tourism

Sustainable tourism has become very important in the travel industry in recent years. Tourists are increasingly prioritising responsible and eco-friendly travel practices, and this shift is significantly influencing their travel decisions. According to a report from Allied Market Research, ecotourism, a subset of sustainable tourism, will generate €87.85 billion in 2027. While the concept of sustainable tourism is gaining broader acceptance within the tourism sector, there remains a degree of confusion regarding its precise meaning. As such, this article aims to clarify the concept and evolution of sustainable tourism, shed light on the Sustainable Development Goals, and delve into the involvement of the Middle East and Sharjah in the sustainable tourism movement

What is sustainable tourism?

Sustainable tourism was first defined by the UNWTO in 1988 as follows: 'Tourism that takes full account of its current and future economic, social, and environmental impacts, addressing the needs of visitors, the industry, the environment, and host communities.' This concept of sustainable tourism development has emerged over the past forty years in response to the need to mitigate the adverse consequences of mass tourism (the industry is responsible for 8% of carbon emissions worldwide.) As illustrated in the figure below, achieving sustainability in the tourism industry relies on effectively balancing economic, social, and environmental factors, ensuring that tourism benefits both the destinations, tourists, and businesses involved.

 

Sustainable tourism offers a range of subsets to cater to the diverse experiences tourists seek. In the sections below, we will introduce you to some of these notable subsets of sustainable tourism, explore the motivations that drive tourists to participate in them, and provide examples of associated activities.

Sustainable Development Goals

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for 2030, known as UN SDGs, outline crucial development priorities aimed at “working toward a shared blueprint for peace and prosperity for people and the planet, both now and in the future.” The SDGs consist of 17 goals and serve as a guide for governments, organisations, businesses, and individuals to address transnational challenges, including climate change.

Promoting sustainable tourism has the potential to advance multiple Sustainable Development Goals. For sustainable tourism to drive achieving SDGs, the United World Tourism Organization has introduced the ‘Tourism 4 SDGs’ platform to illustrate the links between sustainable tourism and SDGs. Notably, the concept of sustainable tourism aligns with SDG8: Decent work and economic growth, SDG11: Sustainable cities and communities. Furthermore, there are strong links with SDG12: Responsible Consumption and Production, SDG13: Climate Action, SDG15: Life on Land, and SDG16: Peace, Justice,  and Strong Institutions. 

Sustainable Tourism in the Region

In this section, we will delve into the principles and practices of sustainable tourism, highlighting their relevance and application in the Middle East and North Africa region, with a particular emphasis on the UAE and Sharjah.


MENA

Sustainable tourism has seen immense growth worldwide, and the MENA region is actively engaged in ambitious investments and projects. However, this area is facing challenges when it comes to sustainable tourism. Issues arising from unplanned or unsustainable tourism practices have been identified in the Middle East, leading to problems such as ecosystem damage, mismanaged waste, increased emissions, and resource scarcity (Riasi & Pourmiri, 2016; Tremblay, 2006). Furthermore, much of the Middle East consists of arid or desert ecosystems, which comes with specific challenges for tourism, such as the need for irrigation for agriculture and habitation, which can exacerbate desertification, and lead to ecological harm and water scarcity.  Nonetheless, the desert also provides a variety of ecotourism opportunities focused on desert exploration, camping, visiting heritage sites or ruins, wildlife viewing, though in some areas, tourism infrastructure is still limited. 


UAE and Sharjah

In the United Arab Emirates, tourism is booming. The UAE is the most successful tourist nation in the region with a thriving tourism economy and hundreds of thousands of people employed in the sector. Tourism thus far has been focused on tourists seeking entertainment and shopping, family-friendly attractions, sports events and business travellers. The tourism industry in the UAE is quickly recovering from the COVID slowdown, and experienced a growth of 41.1% in 2021, the third fastest in the region. 

Sharjah, the third largest emirate in the UAE, offers a range of eco-tourist destinations and protected areas, showcasing diverse natural ecosystems and educational sites managed by the Environment and Protected Areas Authority (EPAA). Standouts include the Khor Kalba Mangrove Centre, renowned for preserving one of the finest mangrove sites in the Middle East, and the Mleiha Archaeological Centre, which invites visitors to immerse themselves in desert landscapes and explore ancient historical sites. In the city of Sharjah, the Heart of Sharjah stands as a celebrated heritage site, hosting numerous well-preserved buildings, souks, and museums. Additionally, Sharjah provides a selection of luxury hotels that lead the region in sustainability efforts. Examples include the renovated heritage site, Chedi Al Bait, located in the Heart of Sharjah, and the Mysk hotel chain, known for offering unique luxury glamping experiences. With a diverse blend of domestic and international tourists, Sharjah is steadily recovering from the dip in tourism caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. As such, it is the ideal moment for Sharjah to embrace sustainability in its tourism strategy to differentiate itself from other tourist destinations in the Middle East. 

 

Want to join Sharjah in the journey towards sustainable tourism? 

Join the Sustain Sharjah platform today. 

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